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In other words, it's a bet. .
The reverse is also correct. If computational power has been taken from this network, the difficulty adjusts downward to earn mining easier. .
"Say I tell three friends I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100, and that I write that number on a sheet of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't need to guess the specific number, they simply must be the very first person to figure any number that's less than or equal to the number I'm thinking of.
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"Let us say I'm thinking about the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21, they lose because 21>19. If Friend B guesses 16 and Friend C supposes 12, then they have both technically came at workable answers, because 16<19 and 12<19. There's no'extra credit' for Friend B, even though B's answer was closer to the goal answer of 19. .
"Now imagine that I pose the'guess what number I'm thinking of' question, however I am not asking only three friends, and I am not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Rather, I'm asking millions of prospective miners and I'm thinking about a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it is going to be extremely hard to guess the ideal answer." .
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If 1 in 7 trillion doesn't sound hard enough as is, here is the catch to the catch. Not only do bitcoin miners need to think of the ideal hash, they also must be the very first to do it.
Because bitcoin mining is essentially guesswork, arriving at the right answer before another miner has almost everything to do with how fast your computer can create hashes. Just a decade ago, bitcoin miners could be performed competitively on normal desktop computers. Over time, however, miners realized that graphics cards commonly utilized for video games tend to be more effective at mining than desktops and graphics processing units (GPU) came to dominate the match.
These can run from $500 to the tens of thousands. .
Nowadays, bitcoin mining is so competitive it can only be done profitably using all the latest up-to-date ASICs. When using desktop computers, GPUs, or older models of ASICs, the cost of energy consumption actually surpasses the revenue generated. Even with the newest unit available, one computer is seldom enough to compete with what what miners call"mining pools." .
An mining pool is a group of miners who combine their computing ability and split the mined bitcoin between participants. A disproportionately large number of blocks are mined by pools rather than by individual miners. In July 2017, mining pools and companies represented approximately 80% to 90 percent of bitcoin computing power. .
Between 1 in 7 trillion odds, scaling difficulty levels, and also the huge network of users verifying transactions, one block of transactions is verified roughly every 10 minutes. However, its important to keep in mind that 10 minutes is a target, not a rule.
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The bitcoin network can process about seven transactions per second, with transactions being logged in the blockchain each 10 minutes. As the network of bitcoin users continues to grow, but the number of transactions made in 10 minutes will eventually exceed the number of transactions that can be processed in 10 minutes.
This dilemma at the heart of the bitcoin protocol is known as scaling. While bitcoin miners generally agree that something must be done to address scaling, there is less consensus about how do it. At the time of writing, there are two big solutions to this scaling problem, either (1) to decrease the amount of information needed to confirm each block or (2) to increase the number of transactions that each block can save.
Solution 2 would cope with scaling by allowing for more information to be processed every 10 minutes. .
In July 2017, bitcoin miners and mining companies representing approximately 80% to 90 percent of the networks computing electricity voted to incorporate a program that would decrease the amount of information needed to confirm each block. That is, they went with Solution 1.
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The program that miners voted to increase the bitcoin protocol is called a segregated witness, or SegWit. This term is an amalgamation of Segregated, meaning to different, and Witness, which describes signatures on a bitcoin transaction. Segregated Witness, then, means to separate transaction signatures out of important source a block and join them as an extended block.